Cuidar a pessoa idosa prevenindo as quedas, com a essência de Jean Watson
Data
2026
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do volume
Editora
IPCB. ESALD
Resumo
O envelhecimento populacional constitui um dos principais desafios dos sistemas de saúde contemporâneos. O aumento da esperança média de vida associa-se a uma maior prevalência de situações de vulnerabilidade, entre as quais as quedas assumem especial relevância devido ao impacto na morbilidade, mortalidade, perda de autonomia e diminuição da qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa. Neste contexto, os enfermeiros desempenham um papel fundamental na promoção da saúde, prevenção de quedas e capacitação das pessoas idosas e respetivos cuidadores. A Teoria do Cuidado Transpessoal de Jean Watson apresenta-se como um referencial teórico relevante para a prática de enfermagem, valorizando uma abordagem holística, humanizada e centrada na relação terapêutica. Assim, o presente trabalho pretende analisar de que forma a aplicação da Teoria do Cuidar de Jean Watson pelos enfermeiros influencia a prevenção de quedas na pessoa idosa. Este trabalho seguiu a metodologia de revisão narrativa da literatura, orientada pelos princípios PRISMA para identificação e seleção dos estudos, e pela estratégia PICo para formulação da questão de investigação. Recorreu-se à seguintes bases de dados: Google Académico, PubMed e Scientific Electronic Library Online, também foram consultados sites oficiais, bem como manuais publicados. Foram incluídos estudos publicados entre 2016 e abril de 2026, em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na integra. Os resultados evidenciam que as intervenções preventivas mais eficazes incluem a avaliação multidimensional do risco, a adaptação do ambiente domiciliário, a educação para a saúde e o envolvimento ativo da pessoa idosa. A articulação destas intervenções com os pressupostos da Teoria de Jean Watson potencia uma prática mais humanizada, promotora de autonomia, confiança e adesão aos cuidados preventivos.
Abstract : Population ageing constitutes one of the major challenges facing contemporary healthcare systems. Increased life expectancy is associated with a higher prevalence of vulnerability-related conditions, among which falls are particularly significant due to their impact on morbidity, mortality, loss of autonomy, and reduced quality of life among older adults. In this context, nurses play a fundamental role in health promotion, fall prevention, and the empowerment of older adults and their caregivers. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring emerges as a relevant theoretical framework for nursing practice, emphasizing a holistic, humanistic, and relationship-centred approach to care. Therefore, this study aims to analyse how the application of Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring by nurses influences fall prevention among older adults. This study followed a narrative literature review methodology, guided by the PRISMA principles for the identification and selection of studies and by the PICo strategy for formulating the research question. Searches were conducted in the fol-lowing databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Official websites and published manuals were also consulted. Studies published between 2016 and April 2026, available in full text and written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, were included. The findings indicate that the most effective preventive interventions include multidimensional risk assessment, adaptation of the home environment, health education, and the active involvement of older adults in their own care. The integration of these interventions with the principles of Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring promotes a more humanized nursing practice, fostering autonomy, trust, and adherence to preventive care measures.
Abstract : Population ageing constitutes one of the major challenges facing contemporary healthcare systems. Increased life expectancy is associated with a higher prevalence of vulnerability-related conditions, among which falls are particularly significant due to their impact on morbidity, mortality, loss of autonomy, and reduced quality of life among older adults. In this context, nurses play a fundamental role in health promotion, fall prevention, and the empowerment of older adults and their caregivers. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring emerges as a relevant theoretical framework for nursing practice, emphasizing a holistic, humanistic, and relationship-centred approach to care. Therefore, this study aims to analyse how the application of Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring by nurses influences fall prevention among older adults. This study followed a narrative literature review methodology, guided by the PRISMA principles for the identification and selection of studies and by the PICo strategy for formulating the research question. Searches were conducted in the fol-lowing databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Official websites and published manuals were also consulted. Studies published between 2016 and April 2026, available in full text and written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, were included. The findings indicate that the most effective preventive interventions include multidimensional risk assessment, adaptation of the home environment, health education, and the active involvement of older adults in their own care. The integration of these interventions with the principles of Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring promotes a more humanized nursing practice, fostering autonomy, trust, and adherence to preventive care measures.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Quedas, Idosos, Teoria do cuidado transpessoal, Ambiente seguro e Cuidados de enfermagem, Fall, Elderly, Human caring theory, Safe environment and Nursing care
Citação
MARQUES, Diogo Gonçalo Freitas ; ANTUNES, Inês Matos (2026) - Cuidar a pessoa idosa prevenindo as quedas, com a essência de Jean Watson. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto de Enfermagem.