Impacto dos dispositivos eletrónicos nas latências dos potenciais evocados visuais em estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco
Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD
Abstract
A utilização crescente de dispositivos eletrónicos, intensificada com a pandemia por Sars-Cov 2, levanta preocupações quanto às possíveis alterações da função visual, sendo cada vez mais necessário perceber se a exposição pode afetar a saúde visual. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar o impacto da utilização de dispositivos eletrónicos nas latências dos potenciais evocados visuais, em estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco.
Os potenciais evocados visuais são um exame que permite avaliar a funcionalidade da via visual, sendo uma ferramenta útil para deteção de possíveis alterações causadas por fatores externos, como a exposição prolongada aos ecrãs. Fizeram parte do estudo 31 participante, com idades entre os 18 e os 23 anos, que não usavam lentes ou óculos nem apresentavam nenhuma patologia ocular conhecida. Cada participante realizou um exame de potenciais evocados visuais com estímulo de padrão xadrez alternante full-field. Foram analisadas as latências do N75, P100 e N145 e relacionados com o número de horas nos dispositivos eletrónicos, tipo de dispositivo eletrónico mais utilizado, sexo, idade, perímetro cefálico e a altura do dia de maior uso do dispositivo eletrónico.
Os resultados mostraram que o dispositivo mais utilizado foi o computador (93,5%), e que a maioria dos participantes o utilizava sobretudo à noite. A análise estatística revelou que a latência do N75 aumentou com o número de horas de exposição diária, sendo este o único componente com significância estatística(p=0,013). O P100 e o N145 apresentaram uma diminuição com o número de horas, embora sem significância estatística.
Também se observaram variações nas latências com a altura do dia, sendo o P100 mais curto de manhã e o N145 mais curto à noite, sugerindo possíveis mecanismos de adaptação circadiana e compensatórios relacionados com a fadiga ocular e a pressão do sono. As latências foram maiores no sexo feminino, com relação estatisticamente positiva no N145, já o perímetro cefálico não apresentou relação consistente com os potenciais evocados visuais.
Apesar das limitações, como a amostra reduzida e a ausência do controlo total do ambiente onde foi realizado o exame, este estudo fornece indícios de que o uso prolongado de dispositivos eletrónicos pode afetar o processamento visual precoce, realçando a importância de mais estudos e da moderação do tempo em frente aos ecrãs.
Abstract: The increasing use of electronic devices, intensified by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, raises concerns about possible changes in visual function, and it is increasingly necessary to understand whether exposure can affect visual health. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the use of electronic devices on visual evoked potencials latencies in students from Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco Visual evoked potentials are an examination that allows the functionality of this pathway to be assessed and are a useful tool for detecting possible changes caused by external factors, such as prolonged exposure to screens. The study included 31 participants, aged between 18 and 23, who did not wear contact lenses or glasses and did not have any known eye disease. Each participant underwent a visual evoked potential examination with a full-field alternating checkerboard pattern stimulus. The latencies of N75, P100, and N145 were analyzed and related to the number of hours spent using electronic devices, type of device, gender, age, head circumference, and the time of day when the electronic device was most used. The results showed that the most used device was the computer (93.5%), and that most participants used it mainly at night. Statistical analysis revealed that the latency of the N75 increased with the number of hours of daily exposure, this being the only component with statistical significance (p=0.013). The P100 and N145 showed a decrease with the number of hours, although without statistical significance. Variations in latencies were also observed with the time of day, with the P100 being shorter in the morning and the N145 shorter in the evening, suggesting possible circadian adaptation and compensatory mechanisms related to eye fatigue and sleep pressure. Latencies were higher in females, with a statistically positive relationship in the N145, while head circumference did not show a consistent relationship with visual evoked potentials. Despite limitations such as the small sample size and the lack of complete control over the environment where the examination was carried out, this study provides evidence that prolonged use of electronic devices can affect early visual processing, highlighting the importance of further studies and moderation of time spent in front of screens.
Abstract: The increasing use of electronic devices, intensified by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, raises concerns about possible changes in visual function, and it is increasingly necessary to understand whether exposure can affect visual health. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the use of electronic devices on visual evoked potencials latencies in students from Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco Visual evoked potentials are an examination that allows the functionality of this pathway to be assessed and are a useful tool for detecting possible changes caused by external factors, such as prolonged exposure to screens. The study included 31 participants, aged between 18 and 23, who did not wear contact lenses or glasses and did not have any known eye disease. Each participant underwent a visual evoked potential examination with a full-field alternating checkerboard pattern stimulus. The latencies of N75, P100, and N145 were analyzed and related to the number of hours spent using electronic devices, type of device, gender, age, head circumference, and the time of day when the electronic device was most used. The results showed that the most used device was the computer (93.5%), and that most participants used it mainly at night. Statistical analysis revealed that the latency of the N75 increased with the number of hours of daily exposure, this being the only component with statistical significance (p=0.013). The P100 and N145 showed a decrease with the number of hours, although without statistical significance. Variations in latencies were also observed with the time of day, with the P100 being shorter in the morning and the N145 shorter in the evening, suggesting possible circadian adaptation and compensatory mechanisms related to eye fatigue and sleep pressure. Latencies were higher in females, with a statistically positive relationship in the N145, while head circumference did not show a consistent relationship with visual evoked potentials. Despite limitations such as the small sample size and the lack of complete control over the environment where the examination was carried out, this study provides evidence that prolonged use of electronic devices can affect early visual processing, highlighting the importance of further studies and moderation of time spent in front of screens.
Description
Keywords
Potenciais evocados visuais, Tecnologias da informação, Ecrãs, Estudantes, Visual evoked potentials, Information technologies, Screens, Students
Citation
FERREIRA, Inês Couto (2025) - Impacto dos dispositivos eletrónicos nas latências dos potenciais evocados visuais em estudantes do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto de Fisiologia Clínica.