Ultrassonografia em meios remotos: revisão sistemática da literatura
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD
Abstract
Introdução: A Ultrassonografia (US) tem-se afirmado como uma ferramenta indispensável no apoio ao diagnóstico clínico, sobretudo em contextos com recursos limitados. Em regiões remotas, onde o acesso a meios complementares de diagnóstico é frequentemente reduzido, a US constitui uma alternativa exequível, segura e isenta de radiação ionizante. A sua portabilidade, baixo custo e capacidade de fornecer informações em tempo real conferem-lhe particular relevância em cenários de emergência e em locais com cobertura hospitalar insuficiente. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal avaliar a utilidade da US em meios remotos, abordando os seus fundamentos técnicos, modelos de aplicação clínica, vantagens práticas e limitações. Metodologia: Esta revisão sistemática de literatura recorreu às bases de dados científicas Google Académico, PubMed e Science Direct. Foram selecionados 21 artigos científicos utilizando a lógica booleana "AND", resultando nas seguintes pesquisas: "Ultrasound" AND "Rural Areas" AND "Access to Health Services" e "Ultrasound" AND "Remote Areas" AND "Access to Health Services". Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2025, em português ou inglês, que abordassem a US em contextos remotos ou com recursos limitados. Excluíram-se aqueles sem acesso gratuito, duplicados ou que tratassem de outros temas. Resultados: A revisão de 21 artigos demonstrou a alta relevância da US como ferramenta diagnóstica em meios remotos e com recursos limitados. A US permite diagnósticos rápidos e precisos, otimizando a triagem, gestão de pacientes e melhora o prognóstico através de avaliações em tempo real. Em cenários de emergência e pré-hospitalares, a US facilita a resolução local de casos, reduzindo transferências desnecessárias. A sua aplicabilidade é vasta, abrangendo especialidades como obstetrícia e cuidados de urgência, e revelou-se útil tanto em Países de Baixo e Médio Rendimento (PBMR) quanto em áreas rurais de países desenvolvidos, contribuindo para reduzir as desigualdades no acesso à saúde. No entanto, a eficácia da US depende crucialmente da formação específica e estruturada dos profissionais. Conclusão: Através da revisão de 21 artigos, conclui-se que a Ultrassonografia (US) é uma ferramenta diagnóstica crucial em meios remotos e com recursos limitados, dada a sua portabilidade, custo acessível e capacidade de fornecer informação em tempo real. A US permite diagnósticos céleres e precisos, otimizando a gestão de doentes, e o seu impacto é notável em cenários de emergência. A sua utilização eficaz, no entanto, requer formação específica e estruturada, com a formação à distância a surgir como uma solução promissora.
Abstract: Introduction: Ultrasound (US) has become an indispensable tool in supporting clinical diagnosis, especially in contexts with limited resources. In remote regions, where access to complementary means of diagnosis is often limited, US is a feasible, safe and ionizing radiation-free alternative. Its portability, low cost and ability to provide information in real time give it particular relevance in emergency scenarios and in places with insufficient hospital coverage. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the utility of ultrasound (US) in remote settings, addressing its technical fundamentals, models of clinical application, practical advantages, and limitations. Methodology: This systematic literature review used the scientific databases Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. 21 scientific articles were selected using the Boolean logic “AND”, resulting in the following searches: “Ultrasound” AND“Rural Areas” AND “Access to Health Services” and ‘Ultrasound’ AND “Remote Areas” AND “Access to Health Services”. Articles published between 2015 and 2025, in Portuguese or English, that addressed ultrasound in remote contexts or with limited resources were included. Articles without free access, duplicates or dealing with other topics were excluded. Results: The review of 21 articles demonstrated the high relevance of US as a diagnostic tool in remote environments with limited resources. US enables rapid and accurate diagnoses, optimizing patient triage and management, and improves prognosis through real-time assessments. In emergency and pre-hospital settings, US facilitates local case resolution, reducing unnecessary transfers. Its applicability is vast, covering specialties such as obstetrics and emergency care, and it has proved useful in both Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and rural areas of developed countries, helping to reduce inequalities in access to health. However, the effectiveness of US depends crucially on the specific and structured training of professionals. Conclusion: A review of 21 articles concluded that ultrasound (US) is a crucial diagnostic tool in remote environments with limited resources, given its portability, affordability and ability to provide information in real time. US allows for fast and accurate diagnoses, optimizing patient management, and its impact is remarkable in emergency scenarios. Its effective use, however, requires specific and structured training, with distance learning emerging as a promising solution.
Abstract: Introduction: Ultrasound (US) has become an indispensable tool in supporting clinical diagnosis, especially in contexts with limited resources. In remote regions, where access to complementary means of diagnosis is often limited, US is a feasible, safe and ionizing radiation-free alternative. Its portability, low cost and ability to provide information in real time give it particular relevance in emergency scenarios and in places with insufficient hospital coverage. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the utility of ultrasound (US) in remote settings, addressing its technical fundamentals, models of clinical application, practical advantages, and limitations. Methodology: This systematic literature review used the scientific databases Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. 21 scientific articles were selected using the Boolean logic “AND”, resulting in the following searches: “Ultrasound” AND“Rural Areas” AND “Access to Health Services” and ‘Ultrasound’ AND “Remote Areas” AND “Access to Health Services”. Articles published between 2015 and 2025, in Portuguese or English, that addressed ultrasound in remote contexts or with limited resources were included. Articles without free access, duplicates or dealing with other topics were excluded. Results: The review of 21 articles demonstrated the high relevance of US as a diagnostic tool in remote environments with limited resources. US enables rapid and accurate diagnoses, optimizing patient triage and management, and improves prognosis through real-time assessments. In emergency and pre-hospital settings, US facilitates local case resolution, reducing unnecessary transfers. Its applicability is vast, covering specialties such as obstetrics and emergency care, and it has proved useful in both Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and rural areas of developed countries, helping to reduce inequalities in access to health. However, the effectiveness of US depends crucially on the specific and structured training of professionals. Conclusion: A review of 21 articles concluded that ultrasound (US) is a crucial diagnostic tool in remote environments with limited resources, given its portability, affordability and ability to provide information in real time. US allows for fast and accurate diagnoses, optimizing patient management, and its impact is remarkable in emergency scenarios. Its effective use, however, requires specific and structured training, with distance learning emerging as a promising solution.
Description
Keywords
Ultrassonografia, Zona rural, Áreas remotas, Acesso aos serviços de saúde, Ultrasound, Rural area, Remote areas, Access to health services
Citation
FERREIRA, Gonçalo Filipe Carvalho (2025) - Ultrassonografia em meios remotos: revisão sistemática da literatura. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto de Imagem Médica e Radioterapia.