O efeito da dupla tarefa no tempo de reação: estudo comparativo entre atletas de futebol federados e jovens adultos saudáveis não atletas
Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD
Abstract
Introdução: O tempo de reação (TR) é uma capacidade importante para evitar acidentes e lesões. O TR é o tempo entre o reconhecimento cognitivo e a ativação motora e pode se dividir em diferentes tipos, o tempo de reação simples (TRS) que é uma resposta a um estímulo geral, e o tempo de reação de escolha (TRE) que é uma resposta a um estímulo específico. No futebol os jogadores são expostos a diversos acontecimentos em rápida sucessão, sendo assim um TR rápido necessário para a sua ocupação. A dupla tarefa (DT) está presente em diversas alturas do nosso dia independentemente da nossa ocupação pessoal. O paradigma da DT indica que a realização de duas tarefas que requerem atenção simultaneamente leva ao declínio de uma ou de ambas as tarefas. Torna-se relevante investigar a influência da DT no TR, devido à sua importância para o desempenho dos atletas, na prevenção de lesões e à escassez de estudos que comparam o TR em condições de DT entre jovens atletas e não atletas.
Objetivo: Analisar e comparar o efeito da dupla tarefa no tempo de reação, entre atletas de futebol federados e jovens adultos saudáveis não atletas.
Materiais e Métodos: Foram recrutados 65 participantes, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade, com idades médias de 18,56 ± 1,56 anos. Desses
participantes, 25 eram atletas e 40 não atletas. Todos os participantes preencheram o consentimento informado. Cada participante realizou 2 tarefas simples e duas tarefas duplas para se obterem dados do TRS e TRE. O TR foi obtido através do programa Deary-Liewald Reaction Time Task em tarefa simples e com a adição de uma tarefa motora (correr no lugar a 2.2 m/s) para DT. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada através do SPSS versão 30.0 para Windows com um nível de significância de p<0,05.
Resultados: De condições de tarefa simples para DT ambos os grupos apresentaram um aumento do TRS (p˂0.05), e no TRE apenas os atletas apresentaram diferenças (p˂0.05). Os atletas apresentaram um TRE menor do que os não atletas, tanto em tarefa simples como em dupla tarefa (p˂0.05). Contudo, entre os grupos não houve diferenças significativas no TRS em tarefa simples e DT. Os não atletas apresentaram um menor custo de DT (CDT) no TRE do que os atletas (p˂0.05). por outro lado, o CDT no TRS foi maior nos não atletas, comparativamente aos atletas (p˂0.05).
Conclusão: O TRS aumenta em condições de DT em ambos os grupos, no entanto os atletas demonstram que são menos afetados, com um menor CDT. Os atletas
apresentam um melhor desempenho do TRE do que os não atletas, em tarefa simples e DT. Em condições de dupla tarefa, relativamente à tarefa simples, os atletas apresentam um menor custo de DT no TRS, e maior no TRE, comparativamente aos não atletas. Recomendam-se futuros estudos com populações mais homogéneas, que sejam realizados noutras modalidades desportivas ou condições patológicas, para se conseguir entender melhor o efeito da DT no TR.
Abstract: Reaction time (RT) is an important ability for preventing accidents and injuries. RT is the time between cognitive recognition and motor activation, and it can be divided into different types: simple reaction time (SRT), which is a response to a general stimulus, and choice reaction time (CRT), which is a response to a specific stimulus. In football, players are exposed to various events in rapid succession, making a quick RT necessary for their performance. Dual-tasking (DT) occurs at many moments throughout our day, regardless of our occupation. The DT paradigm suggests that performing two tasks that require attention simultaneously leads to a decline in the performance of one or both tasks. It is therefore relevant to investigate the influence of DT on RT, given its importance for athletic performance, injury prevention, and the scarcity of studies comparing RT under DT conditions between young athletes and non-athletes. To analyze and compare the effect of dual-tasking on reaction time between federated football athletes and healthy young non-athletes.A total of 65 participants were recruited based on the eligibility criteria, with a mean age of 18.56 ± 1.56 years. Of these participants, 25 were athletes and 40 were non-athletes. All participants provided informed consent. Each participant performed two single tasks and two dual tasks to collect data on Simple Reaction Time (SRT) and Choice Reaction Time (CRT). Reaction time was measured using the Deary-Liewald Reaction Time Task program, both in a single task format and with the addition of a motor task (running in place at 2.2 m/s) for the dual-task condition. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 30.0 for Windows, with a significance level set at p <0.05. Under dual-task (DT) conditions, both groups showed an increase in Simple Reaction Time (SRT) (p < 0.05), whereas for Choice Reaction Time (CRT), only the athletes exhibited a similar increase (p < 0.05). Athletes demonstrated a lower CRT compared to non-athletes, in both single and dual-task conditions (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between groups in SRT during either the single or dual-task conditions. Non-athletes showed a better Dual-Task Cost (DTC) in CRT than athletes (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the DTC in SRT was worse for non-athletes compared to athletes. SRT increases under DT conditions in both groups; however, athletes appear to be less affected, as evidenced by a lower DTC. Athletes perform better in CRT than non athletes in both single and dual-task conditions. Under dual-task conditions, athletes show a lower DTC in SRT and a higher DTC in CRT compared to non-athletes. Future studies are recommended to use more homogeneous populations, as well as different sports disciplines or pathological conditions, to understand better the effect of dual tasking on reaction time.
Abstract: Reaction time (RT) is an important ability for preventing accidents and injuries. RT is the time between cognitive recognition and motor activation, and it can be divided into different types: simple reaction time (SRT), which is a response to a general stimulus, and choice reaction time (CRT), which is a response to a specific stimulus. In football, players are exposed to various events in rapid succession, making a quick RT necessary for their performance. Dual-tasking (DT) occurs at many moments throughout our day, regardless of our occupation. The DT paradigm suggests that performing two tasks that require attention simultaneously leads to a decline in the performance of one or both tasks. It is therefore relevant to investigate the influence of DT on RT, given its importance for athletic performance, injury prevention, and the scarcity of studies comparing RT under DT conditions between young athletes and non-athletes. To analyze and compare the effect of dual-tasking on reaction time between federated football athletes and healthy young non-athletes.A total of 65 participants were recruited based on the eligibility criteria, with a mean age of 18.56 ± 1.56 years. Of these participants, 25 were athletes and 40 were non-athletes. All participants provided informed consent. Each participant performed two single tasks and two dual tasks to collect data on Simple Reaction Time (SRT) and Choice Reaction Time (CRT). Reaction time was measured using the Deary-Liewald Reaction Time Task program, both in a single task format and with the addition of a motor task (running in place at 2.2 m/s) for the dual-task condition. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 30.0 for Windows, with a significance level set at p <0.05. Under dual-task (DT) conditions, both groups showed an increase in Simple Reaction Time (SRT) (p < 0.05), whereas for Choice Reaction Time (CRT), only the athletes exhibited a similar increase (p < 0.05). Athletes demonstrated a lower CRT compared to non-athletes, in both single and dual-task conditions (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between groups in SRT during either the single or dual-task conditions. Non-athletes showed a better Dual-Task Cost (DTC) in CRT than athletes (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the DTC in SRT was worse for non-athletes compared to athletes. SRT increases under DT conditions in both groups; however, athletes appear to be less affected, as evidenced by a lower DTC. Athletes perform better in CRT than non athletes in both single and dual-task conditions. Under dual-task conditions, athletes show a lower DTC in SRT and a higher DTC in CRT compared to non-athletes. Future studies are recommended to use more homogeneous populations, as well as different sports disciplines or pathological conditions, to understand better the effect of dual tasking on reaction time.
Description
Keywords
Dupla tarefa, Jogadores de futebol, Jovens adultos não atletas, Tempo de reação, Dual-task, Football players, Young non-athletes adults, Reaction time
Citation
BRANCO, Jorge Humberto Lopes (2025) - O efeito da dupla tarefa no tempo de reação: estudo comparativo entre atletas de futebol federados e jovens adultos saudáveis não atletas. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto final de Fisioterapia.