A relação entre o equilíbrio, a confiança no equilíbrio e a qualidade de vida de adultos durante o ciclo de vida: estudo observacional transversal
Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD
Abstract
Introdução: A Doença Venosa Crónica (DVC) é uma condição prevalente que compromete o retorno venoso dos membros inferiores, estando associada a alterações hemodinâmicas e funcionais da bomba muscular venosa (BMV), com impacto na qualidade de vida e na funcionalidade. A eficácia da BMV depende do adequado funcionamento da musculatura da perna, das válvulas venosas e da integridade neuromuscular, podendo ser avaliada por fotopletismografia. Paralelamente, o equilíbrio postural pode ser afetado pelas alterações músculoesqueléticas associadas à DVC. A fisioterapia, através do exercício terapêutico, representa uma estratégia relevante para melhorar a funcionalidade venosa e o controlo postural. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de um programa de exercício na funcionalidade da BMV e no equilíbrio, em adultos com DVC.
Materiais e Métodos: A intervenção, com duração de quatro semanas, incluiu sessões de exercício em meio terrestre focadas na ativação da musculatura da perna. A avaliação da funcionalidade da BMV foi feita por fotopletismografia. O equilíbrio foi analisado através de plataforma de força e da escala de equilíbrio de Berg. A análise foi feita sujeito a sujeito, comparando os momentos pré e pósintervenção (T0 e T1).
Resultados: Os efeitos da intervenção variaram entre os participantes. Em termos de funcionalidade venosa, observou-se uma ligeira melhoria nos parâmetros de enchimento (VV, 90%VV, 90%VEF) em dois casos, mas sem
alterações relevantes nos parâmetros de ejeção. Num dos participantes, registouse uma redução do IEV e da FE após a intervenção, sugerindo menor eficiência da bomba venosa. Em relação ao equilíbrio, verificaram-se melhorias subtis nos parâmetros de oscilação postural em condições visuais restritas, nomeadamente na área de oscilação e na velocidade média, sugerindo maior controlo postural em dois dos casos. No entanto, os resultados não foram uniformes, sendo influenciados por fatores como IMC, nível de atividade física, comorbilidades e adesão ao exercício.
Conclusão: Apesar da amostra reduzida e da variabilidade individual, observou-se potencial benefício do exercício terapêutico na funcionalidade da BMV e no equilíbrio em pessoas com DVC. No entanto, os resultados foram inconsistentes, destacando a importância de abordagens individualizadas e a necessidade de investigação futura com amostras maiores e maior controlo das variáveis clínicas.
Abstract : Introduction: Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) is a prevalent condition that compromises venous return from the lower limbs, being associated with hemodynamic and functional changes of the calf muscle pump (CMP), impacting quality of life and functional capacity. The effectiveness of the CMP depends on the proper function of leg muscles, venous valves, and neuromuscular integrity, and can be assessed through photoplethysmography. Additionally, postural balance may be affected by musculoskeletal changes related to CVD. Physiotherapy, particularly through therapeutic exercise, is a relevant strategy to improve venous function and postural control. This study aimed to analyze the effects of a land-based exercise program on CMP function and balance in adults with CVD. Materials and Methods: The four-week intervention included land-based exercise sessions focused on activating the leg muscles. CMP function was assessed using photoplethysmography. Balance was assessed using a force platform and the Berg Balance Scale. A subject-by-subject analysis was performed, comparing pre- and post-intervention moments (T0 and T1). Results: The effects of the intervention varied among participants. Regarding venous function, a slight improvement in filling parameters (VV, 90%VV, 90%VEF) was observed in two cases, with no relevant changes in ejection parameters. One participant showed a decrease in IEV and EF after the intervention, suggesting reduced pump efficiency. As for balance, subtle improvements were found in postural sway parameters under visual restriction, namely in sway area and average velocity, suggesting better postural control in two participants. However, the results were not uniform and were influenced by factors such as BMI, physical activity level, comorbidities, and exercise adherence. Conclusion: Despite the small sample and individual variability, the results suggest a potential benefit of therapeutic exercise on CMP function and balance in individuals with CVD. However, the inconsistency of outcomes highlights the importance of individualized approaches and the need for further research with larger samples and better control of clinical variables.
Abstract : Introduction: Chronic Venous Disease (CVD) is a prevalent condition that compromises venous return from the lower limbs, being associated with hemodynamic and functional changes of the calf muscle pump (CMP), impacting quality of life and functional capacity. The effectiveness of the CMP depends on the proper function of leg muscles, venous valves, and neuromuscular integrity, and can be assessed through photoplethysmography. Additionally, postural balance may be affected by musculoskeletal changes related to CVD. Physiotherapy, particularly through therapeutic exercise, is a relevant strategy to improve venous function and postural control. This study aimed to analyze the effects of a land-based exercise program on CMP function and balance in adults with CVD. Materials and Methods: The four-week intervention included land-based exercise sessions focused on activating the leg muscles. CMP function was assessed using photoplethysmography. Balance was assessed using a force platform and the Berg Balance Scale. A subject-by-subject analysis was performed, comparing pre- and post-intervention moments (T0 and T1). Results: The effects of the intervention varied among participants. Regarding venous function, a slight improvement in filling parameters (VV, 90%VV, 90%VEF) was observed in two cases, with no relevant changes in ejection parameters. One participant showed a decrease in IEV and EF after the intervention, suggesting reduced pump efficiency. As for balance, subtle improvements were found in postural sway parameters under visual restriction, namely in sway area and average velocity, suggesting better postural control in two participants. However, the results were not uniform and were influenced by factors such as BMI, physical activity level, comorbidities, and exercise adherence. Conclusion: Despite the small sample and individual variability, the results suggest a potential benefit of therapeutic exercise on CMP function and balance in individuals with CVD. However, the inconsistency of outcomes highlights the importance of individualized approaches and the need for further research with larger samples and better control of clinical variables.
Description
Keywords
Bomba muscular venosa, Equilíbrio, Doença venosa crónica, Venous muscle pump, Balance, chronic venous disease
Citation
EMBALÓ, Antónia Serifo (2025) - A relação entre o equilíbrio, a confiança no equilíbrio e a qualidade de vida de adultos durante o ciclo de vida: estudo observacional transversal. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto de Fisioterapia.