Potencial de plantas aromáticas e medicinais endémicas da Região da Beira Interior : conservação e valorização
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
ESA. IPCB
Abstract
Este trabalho surgiu no âmbito do projeto Plants4Ageing: Potencial de Plantas Aromáticas e Medicinais no Envelhecimento Cardiovascular. A escolha das espécies deveu-se à presença de compostos no óleo essencial capaz de controlar a senescência celular. As plantas aromáticas e medicinais têm sido objeto de intensos estudos científicos, em virtude do notável potencial biológico dos óleos essenciais que elas produzem.
Pretendeu-se estudar o potencial de três espécies da família Lamiaceae endémicas da região da Beira Interior, Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri, Lavandula pedunculata e Thymus mastichina. Desta forma, os objetivos passaram pela conservação através da macropropagação (propagação vegetativa) e micropropagação (estabelecimento e multiplicação), e pela valorização através do estudo da caracterização química. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação e a sua composição volátil foi analisada através de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espetrometria de massa (GC-MS).
De acordo com os resultados deste trabalho, na micropropagação obtiveram-se melhores taxas de multiplicação para a L. luisieri (5,53±2,13), L. pedunculata (4,60±2,21), T. mastichina (1,33±0,55) com o meio de cultura MS suplementado 0,5 mg l-1 m-Topolin, 0,1 mg l-1 6-benzilaminopurina, respetivamente. Na propagação vegetativa as percentagens de estacas enraizadas foram de 2,5%, 13 % e 2,5%, respetivamente. Por fim, a caracterização química do óleo essencial de L. luisieri apresentou, nos dois anos, como composto maioritário a fenchona (35,2%). De salientar a presença de compostos derivados do necrodano, como o acetato de trans-α-necrodilo (12,3%), assim como o acetato de lavandilo (7,1%) que surgiram como principais constituintes do óleo essencial. Todavia, para L. pedunculata, nos dois anos analisados, a fenchona (63,8%) foi o composto maioritário. Já o óleo essencial de T. mastichina apresentou elevadas percentagens de área relativa dos compostos 1,8 cineol (64,9%, 2024) e linalol (53,1%, 2023).
Abstract: This work was carried out as part of the Plants4Ageing project: Potential of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in Cardiovascular Ageing. The species were chosen because of the presence of compounds in the essential oil that can control cellular senescence. Aromatic and medicinal plants have been the subject of intense scientific study due to the remarkable biological potential of the essential oils they produce. The aim was to study the potential of three species of the Lamiaceae family endemic to the Beira Interior region, Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri, Lavandula pedunculata and Thymus mastichina. The objectives were conservation through macropropagation (vegetative propagation) and micropropagation (establishment and multiplication), and valorisation through the study of chemical characterisation. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and their volatile composition was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). According to the results of this work, in micropropagation, the best multiplication rates were obtained for L. luisieri (5.53±2.13), L. pedunculata (4.60±2.21), T. mastichina (1.33±0.55) with MS culture medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 m-Topolin, 0.1 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine, respectively. In vegetative propagation, the percentages of rooted cuttings were 2.5%, 13% and 2.5% respectively. Finally, the chemical characterisation of the essential oil of L. luisieri showed fenchone (35.2%) to be the main compound in both years, with the presence of compounds derived from necrodane, such as trans-α-necrodyl acetate (12.3%), as well as lavandyl acetate (7.1%) appearing as the main constituents of the essential oil. However, for L. pedunculata, in the two years analysed, fenchone (63.8%) was the main compound. The essential oil of T. mastichina showed high percentages of relative area of the compounds 1,8 cineol (64.9%, 2024) and linalol (53.1%, 2023).
Abstract: This work was carried out as part of the Plants4Ageing project: Potential of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants in Cardiovascular Ageing. The species were chosen because of the presence of compounds in the essential oil that can control cellular senescence. Aromatic and medicinal plants have been the subject of intense scientific study due to the remarkable biological potential of the essential oils they produce. The aim was to study the potential of three species of the Lamiaceae family endemic to the Beira Interior region, Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri, Lavandula pedunculata and Thymus mastichina. The objectives were conservation through macropropagation (vegetative propagation) and micropropagation (establishment and multiplication), and valorisation through the study of chemical characterisation. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and their volatile composition was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). According to the results of this work, in micropropagation, the best multiplication rates were obtained for L. luisieri (5.53±2.13), L. pedunculata (4.60±2.21), T. mastichina (1.33±0.55) with MS culture medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 m-Topolin, 0.1 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine, respectively. In vegetative propagation, the percentages of rooted cuttings were 2.5%, 13% and 2.5% respectively. Finally, the chemical characterisation of the essential oil of L. luisieri showed fenchone (35.2%) to be the main compound in both years, with the presence of compounds derived from necrodane, such as trans-α-necrodyl acetate (12.3%), as well as lavandyl acetate (7.1%) appearing as the main constituents of the essential oil. However, for L. pedunculata, in the two years analysed, fenchone (63.8%) was the main compound. The essential oil of T. mastichina showed high percentages of relative area of the compounds 1,8 cineol (64.9%, 2024) and linalol (53.1%, 2023).
Description
Keywords
Espécies endémicas, Micropropagação, Óleo essencial, Perfil, Endemic species, Essential oil, Micropropagation, Vegetative propagation, Volatile profile
Citation
BARROCAS, Inês Raquel Cristo (2024) - Potencial de plantas aromáticas e medicinais endémicas da Região da Beira Interior : conservação e valorização. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESA. 30 p. Relatório do Trabalho de Fim de Curso de Biotecnologia Alimentar.