Distúrbios do sono e risco cerebrocardiovascular: análise de uma pesquisa populacional
Data
2026
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do volume
Editora
IPCB. ESALD
Resumo
Introdução: O sono é um pilar crucial da homeostasia, influenciando a regulação imunitária e a recuperação energética. A American Heart Association elevou a saúde do sono ao estatuto de indicador essencial para a saúde cerebrocardiovascular ideal ("Life's Essential 8"). Contudo, os distúrbios do sono têm emergido como fatores de risco independentes para o enfarte agudo do miocárdio e o acidente vascular cerebral.
Objetivo: O presente estudo visou avaliar a relação entre os distúrbios do sono e o risco cerebrocardiovascular numa amostra clínica, analisando a prevalência de
patologias como a Síndrome de Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS).
Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo com uma amostra de 52 participantes (57,7% homens; 42,3% mulheres) no Centro de Medicina de Reabilitação de Alcoitão do serviço Neuromuscular 3 (doentes internados à menos de 30 dias e doentes de ambulatório). Aplicaram-se os instrumentos validados Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) e o questionário Stop-Bang. O tratamento estatístico foi efetuado no software SPSS versão 27, utilizando testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis com um nível de significância de 95%.
Resultados: A análise revelou que 42,3% da amostra apresentava "Má" qualidade de sono pelo PSQI. Relativamente ao risco de SAOS via Stop-Bang, 75% dos indivíduos situaram-se nos patamares de risco intermédio (48,1%) ou elevado (26,9%). Verificou-se uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre o sexo e os scores do PSQI (p=0,038) e do Stop-Bang (p=0,037), bem como entre a idade e a qualidade do sono (p=0,020).
Conclusão: Os resultados validam o sono como um indicador crítico na prática clínica. A elevada prevalência de má qualidade de e risco de SAOS na amostra sugere que a degradação dos padrões de sono atua como um fator modificável que potencia a vulnerabilidade cerebrocardiovascular.
Abstract : Introduction: Sleep is a crucial pillar of homeostasis, influencing immune regulation and energy recovery. The American Heart Association has elevated sleep health to the status of an essential indicator for ideal cerebro-cardiovascular health ("Life's Essential 8"). However, sleep disorders have emerged as independent risk factors for acute myocardial infarction and stroke. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep disorders and cerebrocardiovascular risk in a clinical sample, analyzing the prevalence of conditions such as Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 52 participants (57.7% men; 42.3% women) at the Centro de Medicina de Reabilitação de Alcoitão, Neuromuscular Service 3 (including inpatients admitted less than 30 days prior and outpatients). Validated instruments—the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire—were administered. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 27), employing non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests with a 95% significance level. Results: The analysis revealed that 42.3% of the sample exhibited "poor" sleep quality according to the PSQI. Regarding OSAS risk assessed via the STOP-Bang questionnaire, 75% of individuals fell into the intermediate (48.1%) or high (26.9%) risk categories. A statistically significant relationship was found between sex and both PSQI (p=0.038) and STOP-Bang (p=0.037) scores, as well as between age and sleep quality (p=0.020). Conclusion: The results validate sleep as a critical indicator in clinical practice. The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and risk of OSA in the sample suggests that the deterioration of sleep patterns acts as a modifiable factor that increases cerebrocardiovascular vulnerability.
Abstract : Introduction: Sleep is a crucial pillar of homeostasis, influencing immune regulation and energy recovery. The American Heart Association has elevated sleep health to the status of an essential indicator for ideal cerebro-cardiovascular health ("Life's Essential 8"). However, sleep disorders have emerged as independent risk factors for acute myocardial infarction and stroke. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep disorders and cerebrocardiovascular risk in a clinical sample, analyzing the prevalence of conditions such as Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was conducted with a sample of 52 participants (57.7% men; 42.3% women) at the Centro de Medicina de Reabilitação de Alcoitão, Neuromuscular Service 3 (including inpatients admitted less than 30 days prior and outpatients). Validated instruments—the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire—were administered. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 27), employing non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests with a 95% significance level. Results: The analysis revealed that 42.3% of the sample exhibited "poor" sleep quality according to the PSQI. Regarding OSAS risk assessed via the STOP-Bang questionnaire, 75% of individuals fell into the intermediate (48.1%) or high (26.9%) risk categories. A statistically significant relationship was found between sex and both PSQI (p=0.038) and STOP-Bang (p=0.037) scores, as well as between age and sleep quality (p=0.020). Conclusion: The results validate sleep as a critical indicator in clinical practice. The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and risk of OSA in the sample suggests that the deterioration of sleep patterns acts as a modifiable factor that increases cerebrocardiovascular vulnerability.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Doenças cardiovasculares, Fatores de risco de doenças cardíacas, Distúrbios do sono, Transtornos cerebrovasculares, Cardiovascular diseases, Heart disease risk factos, Sleep wake disorders, Cerebrovascular disorders
Citação
PINA, Sara Natália de Oliveira (2026) - Distúrbios do sono e risco cerebrocardiovascular: análise de uma pesquisa populacional. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto final de Fisiologia Clínica.