Promoção da dignidade em fim de vida: o papel do enfermeiro
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IPCB. ESALD
Abstract
Com o aumento da esperança média de vida, a prevalência crescente de doenças crónicas e a complexidade associada à fase terminal de vida torna-se
imperativo a prestação de cuidados centrados na pessoa, baseados em princípios éticos e humanistas. Neste contexto, a dignidade é tida em conta como um valor essencial, diretamente associado ao bem-estar físico, emocional, social e espiritual da pessoa doente. O presente trabalho insere-se no âmbito de Enfermagem em cuidados paliativos e visa compreender o papel do enfermeiro na promoção da dignidade em pessoas em fim de vida. Para a realização desta revisão narrativa da literatura, fundamentada nas diretrizes de Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), analisaram-se estudos publicados entre 2023 e 2025 nas bases de pesquisa Google Académico e B-on, utilizando descritores “cuidados paliativos”, “fim de vida”, “morte com dignidade” e “cuidados de enfermagem”. O objetivo principal foi identificar estratégias e competências que os enfermeiros devem mobilizar para preservar a dignidade da pessoa em fim de vida e quais os principais desafios associados à sua implementação na prática clínica. O Modelo da Dignidade de Chochinov revelou ser o teórico preferencial e mais adequado, permitindo aplicar intervenções específicas através do Dignity Care Intervention (DCI) e do Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI). O papel do enfermeiro assume centralidade neste processo, destacando-se a necessidade de competências técnicas, éticas e relacionais para garantir um cuidado holístico e personalizado. A atuação dos enfermeiros deve abranger não só o controlo sintomático, mas também o suporte emocional, espiritual e o envolvimento da família na tomada de decisões. A investigação demonstra ainda que a formação adequada e o suporte institucional são cruciais para a prática eficaz e humanizada. Em suma, a dignidade em fim de vida é um elemento indissociável dos cuidados de Enfermagem e a intervenção dos enfermeiros, quando fundamentada em modelos teóricos validados e numa abordagem centrada na pessoa, pode proporcionar um fim de vida digno, sereno e significativo. Este estudo reforça a importância da educação continua dos profissionais e da implementação de políticas de saúde que favoreçam práticas baseadas na dignidade e no respeito pela pessoa humana.
Abstract: With the increase in life expectancy, the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, and the complexity associated with the terminal phase of life, it becomes imperative to provide person-centered care grounded in ethical and humanistic principles. In this context, dignity is considered an essential value, directly linked to the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being of the patient. This work falls within the scope of nursing in palliative care and aims to understand the role of nurses in promoting dignity in end-of-life patients. To conduct this narrative literature review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, studies published between 2023 and 2025 were analyzed using the search engines Google Scholar and B-on. The descriptors used were “palliative care,” “end of life,” “death with dignity,” and “nursing care.” The main objective was to identify strategies and competencies that nurses must mobilize to preserve the dignity of the person at the end of life and to determine the main challenges associated with their implementation in clinical practice.Chochinov's Model of Dignity emerged as the preferred and most appropriate theoretical framework, enabling the application of specific interventions through the Dignity Care Intervention (DCI) and the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI).The nurse’s role is central to this process, emphasizing the need for technical, ethical, and relational competencies to ensure holistic and personalized care. Nurses’ interventions should encompass not only symptom management but also emotional and spiritual support, as well as the involvement of the family in decisionmaking. Research further shows that adequate training and institutional support are crucial for effective and humanized practice. In summary, dignity at the end of life is an inseparable element of nursing care. When grounded in validated theoretical models and a person-centered approach, nurses' interventions can contribute to a dignified, peaceful, and meaningful end of life. This study reinforces the importance of continuous professional education and the implementation of health policies that promote dignity- and person-respecting practices.
Abstract: With the increase in life expectancy, the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, and the complexity associated with the terminal phase of life, it becomes imperative to provide person-centered care grounded in ethical and humanistic principles. In this context, dignity is considered an essential value, directly linked to the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being of the patient. This work falls within the scope of nursing in palliative care and aims to understand the role of nurses in promoting dignity in end-of-life patients. To conduct this narrative literature review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, studies published between 2023 and 2025 were analyzed using the search engines Google Scholar and B-on. The descriptors used were “palliative care,” “end of life,” “death with dignity,” and “nursing care.” The main objective was to identify strategies and competencies that nurses must mobilize to preserve the dignity of the person at the end of life and to determine the main challenges associated with their implementation in clinical practice.Chochinov's Model of Dignity emerged as the preferred and most appropriate theoretical framework, enabling the application of specific interventions through the Dignity Care Intervention (DCI) and the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI).The nurse’s role is central to this process, emphasizing the need for technical, ethical, and relational competencies to ensure holistic and personalized care. Nurses’ interventions should encompass not only symptom management but also emotional and spiritual support, as well as the involvement of the family in decisionmaking. Research further shows that adequate training and institutional support are crucial for effective and humanized practice. In summary, dignity at the end of life is an inseparable element of nursing care. When grounded in validated theoretical models and a person-centered approach, nurses' interventions can contribute to a dignified, peaceful, and meaningful end of life. This study reinforces the importance of continuous professional education and the implementation of health policies that promote dignity- and person-respecting practices.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados paliativos, Cuidados em fim de vida, Morte com dignidade, Cuidados de enfermagem, Palliative care, End-of-life care, Death with dignity, Nursing care
Citation
CERQUEIRA, Rafaela Filipa Cunha ; CARVALHO, Rodrigo Ferreira (2025) - Promoção da dignidade em fim de vida : o papel do enfermeiro. Castelo Branco : IPCB. ESALD. Trabalho de projeto de Enfermagem.